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Definitions

Margins

Gross margin

Net sales less cost of goods sold as a percentage of net sales.

Operating profit margin (EBIT margin)

Operating profit expressed as a percentage of net sales.

Operating profit margin, adjusted

Operating profit, adjusted for items affecting comparability, as a percentage of net sales.

Profit margin

Profit/loss before tax expressed as a percentage of net sales.

Return

Cash conversion

Operating profit, adjusted for items affecting comparability, before depreciation and amortization less capital expenditures as a percentage of operating profit, adjusted for items affecting comparability, before depreciation and amortisation.

Return on capital employed

Operating profit plus financial income as a percentage of average capital employed.

Return on equity

Profit for the period as a percentage of total equity.

Capital structure

Capital employed

Total assets less interest-free liabilities (including deferred tax).

Equity/assets ratio

Equity at the end of the period as a percentage of total assets. The equity/assets ratio represents the amount of assets on which shareholders have a residual claim.

Gross debt

Gross current and non-current borrowings, including credit overdraft facilities, derivative financial instruments and interest payables.

Net debt

Gross debt less cash and cash equivalents.

Net debt/EBITDA

Net debt at the end of the period divided by the EBITDA, adjusted, for the last 12 months, taking into consideration the annualisation of EBITDA for acquired or divested companies.

Net debt/equity ratio

Net debt at the end of the period divided by equity at the end of the period.

Working capital

Total inventories and trade and other receivables adjusted for trade and other payables.

Data per share

Cash flow from operating activities per share

Cash flow from operating activities in the period divided by the average number of shares.

Earnings per share

Profit for the period divided by the average number of shares adjusted for the effect of forward contracts to repurchase own shares.

Equity per share

Equity at the end of the period divided by number of shares at the end of the period.

Other definitions

EBIT

Operating profit consists of comprehensive income before net financial items and income tax.

EBIT, adjusted

Operating profit adjusted for items affecting comparability.

EBITDA

Operating profit before depreciation and amortisation.

Effective tax rate

Income tax as a percentage of profit before tax.

Items affecting comparability

Items affecting comparability are those significant items which are separately disclosed by virtue of their size or incidence in order to enable a full understanding of the Group’s financial performance such as restructurings, impact from acquisitions or divestments.

Net financial items

The total of exchange differences on borrowings and cash and cash equivalents in foreign currencies, other financial income and other financial expenses.

Net sales, change

Net sales as a percentage of net sales in the comparative period of the previous year.

Organic growth

Net sales, change excluding acquisition-driven growth and changes in exchanges rates.

Structural changes

Net sales, change resulting from changes in group structure.